Tata cara wudu

Daftar langkah wudu

1. 

   1

   Niat

   Wajib

   • Ucapkan bismillah (dengan nama Allah) sebelum mulai.
   • Niatkan di dalam hati berwudu untuk menghilangkan hadas kecil.
   • Niat harus sudah ada saat air pertama kali mengenai wajah.

   Niat wudu

   Di awal wudu. Niat wajib ada di hati saat air pertama mengenai wajah.

   نَوَيْتُ الْوُضُوْءَ لِرَفْعِ الْحَدَثِ الْأَصْغَرِ فَرْضًا لِلّٰهِ تَعَالَى

   Nawaitul wudhuu-a liraf'il hadatsil ashghari fardhal lillaahi ta'aalaa.

   Artinya: Aku niat berwudu untuk menghilangkan hadas kecil, fardu karena Allah Ta'ala.

   Niat cukup di dalam hati. Melafazkannya (talaffuzh) adalah amalan dalam mazhab Syafi'i; tidak wajib.

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Niat cukup di dalam hati. Melafazkan niat (talaffuzh) biasa dilakukan di Indonesia, tetapi tidak wajib. Dalam mazhab Syafi'i, niat harus bersamaan dengan basuhan pertama pada wajah. Membaca bismillah di awal hukumnya sunah.

   Perbedaan pendapat

   • Hanafi: Niat hukumnya sunah, bukan wajib.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu questions 37–38, pp. 83–84

   • Maliki: Niat termasuk yang wajib dalam wudu.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 38, pp. 83–84; cites Sharh Mukhtasar Khalil 1:120 and 1:124–125

   • Hanbali: Niat wajib. Membaca bismillah juga disebut wajib.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 38, pp. 83–84; cites al-Mughni 1:166, 175–176, 189, 191

   Dalil

   • Al-Kafi #899: Intending wudu before water reaches the face — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #899; al-Majmu' 1:356–361
   • Al-Kafi #1868: Explanation of the view that wudu has only two pillars — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1868; al-Fiqh al-Manhaji 1:53
   • Al-Kafi #1329: Deliberately leaving recommended parts of ablution — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1329; Kasyifah al-Saja, p. 20
2. 

   2

   Basuh telapak tangan

   Sunah3×

   • Basuh kedua telapak tangan sampai pergelangan.
   • Ratakan air sampai ke sela-sela jari.

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Membasuh telapak tangan sebelum basuhan wajib hukumnya sunah. Mengulang tiga kali juga sunah.

   Dalil

   • Al-Kafi #1329: Deliberately leaving recommended parts of ablution — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1329; Kasyifah al-Saja, p. 20
   • Al-Kafi #1774: Is wiping footwear repeated three times? — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1774; Mughni al-Muhtaj 1:118
3. 

   3

   Berkumur

   Sunah3×

   • Masukkan air ke mulut dengan tangan kanan.
   • Kumur-kumur, lalu buang airnya.

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Dalam mazhab Syafi'i, berkumur dan membersihkan hidung hukumnya sunah.

   Perbedaan pendapat

   • Hanafi: Sunah.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu questions 36 and 61, pp. 81–82 and 91–92; cites Ibn Juzay, al-Qawanin, p. 84

   • Maliki: Sunah.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 61, pp. 91–92; cites Mawahib al-Jalil 1:245
     • The Risala: Wudu' and Cleaning Oneself after the Lavatory — International Islamic University Malaysia, Islamic Lawbase (buka di tab baru)Sections 4.4b–4.4d

   • Hanbali: Wajib, sebagai bagian dari membasuh wajah.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 61, pp. 91–92; cites Ibn Qudamah, al-Mughni 1:88

   Dalil

   • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 61, pp. 91–92; cites al-Nawawi, al-Majmu' 1:465
4. 

   4

   Membersihkan hidung

   Sunah3×

   • Hirup sedikit air ke hidung dengan tangan kanan.
   • Keluarkan lagi airnya dengan bantuan tangan kiri.

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Dalam mazhab Syafi'i, berkumur dan membersihkan hidung hukumnya sunah.

   Perbedaan pendapat

   • Hanafi: Sunah.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu questions 36 and 61, pp. 81–82 and 91–92; cites Ibn Juzay, al-Qawanin, p. 84

   • Maliki: Sunah.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 61, pp. 91–92; cites Mawahib al-Jalil 1:245
     • The Risala: Wudu' and Cleaning Oneself after the Lavatory — International Islamic University Malaysia, Islamic Lawbase (buka di tab baru)Sections 4.4b–4.4d

   • Hanbali: Wajib, sebagai bagian dari membasuh wajah.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 61, pp. 91–92; cites Ibn Qudamah, al-Mughni 1:88

   Dalil

   • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 61, pp. 91–92; cites al-Nawawi, al-Majmu' 1:465
5. 

   5

   Basuh wajah

   Wajib3×

   • Basuh seluruh wajah, dari tempat tumbuh rambut di dahi sampai bawah dagu.
   • Lebarnya dari telinga kanan sampai telinga kiri.
   • Pastikan air merata ke seluruh kulit wajah.

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Membasuh wajah wajib menurut empat mazhab. Sekali basuhan yang merata sudah sah; tiga kali hukumnya sunah.

   Dalil

   • Al-Kafi #1868: Explanation of the view that wudu has only two pillars — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1868; al-Fiqh al-Manhaji 1:53
   • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 38, pp. 83–84
   • Al-Kafi #1774: Is wiping footwear repeated three times? — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1774; Mughni al-Muhtaj 1:118
6. 

   6

   Basuh tangan sampai siku

   Wajib3×

   • Basuh tangan kanan dari ujung jari sampai siku.
   • Lalu basuh tangan kiri dengan cara yang sama.
   • Pastikan siku ikut terbasuh.

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Wajib menurut empat mazhab. Mendahulukan tangan kanan hukumnya sunah.

   Dalil

   • Al-Kafi #1868: Explanation of the view that wudu has only two pillars — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1868; al-Fiqh al-Manhaji 1:53
   • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 36, pp. 81–82
   • Al-Kafi #1329: Deliberately leaving recommended parts of ablution — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1329; right side first
7. 

   7

   Usap sebagian kepala

   Wajib3×

   • Basahi telapak tangan, lalu usap sebagian kepala.
   • Mengusap seluruh kepala lebih utama (sunah).

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Dalam mazhab Syafi'i, mengusap sebagian kecil kepala sudah memenuhi yang wajib. Mengusap seluruh kepala hukumnya sunah.

   Perbedaan pendapat

   • Hanafi: Paling sedikit seperempat kepala.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu questions 36 and 61, pp. 81–82 and 91–92; cites Ibn Juzay, al-Qawanin, p. 84

   • Maliki: Seluruh kepala, menurut pendapat yang diutamakan.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 38, pp. 83–84; cites Sharh Mukhtasar Khalil 1:120 and 1:124–125

   • Hanbali: Seluruh kepala, menurut pendapat yang diutamakan.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 38, pp. 83–84; cites al-Mughni 1:166, 175–176, 189, 191

   Dalil

   • Al-Kafi #1868: Explanation of the view that wudu has only two pillars — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1868; al-Fiqh al-Manhaji 1:53
   • Al-Kafi #1329: Deliberately leaving recommended parts of ablution — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1329; Kasyifah al-Saja, p. 20
8. 

   8

   Usap telinga

   Sunah3×

   • Masukkan ujung telunjuk ke lubang telinga dan usap bagian dalamnya.
   • Usap bagian belakang telinga dengan ibu jari.

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Mengusap kedua telinga hukumnya sunah dalam mazhab Syafi'i.

   Perbedaan pendapat

   • Maliki: Sunah.

     • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 61, pp. 91–92; cites Mawahib al-Jalil 1:245
     • The Risala: Wudu' and Cleaning Oneself after the Lavatory — International Islamic University Malaysia, Islamic Lawbase (buka di tab baru)Sections 4.4b–4.4d

   Dalil

   • Al-Kafi #1329: Deliberately leaving recommended parts of ablution — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1329; Kasyifah al-Saja, p. 20
9. 

   9

   Basuh kaki sampai mata kaki

   Wajib3×

   • Basuh kaki kanan sampai mata kaki, lalu kaki kiri.
   • Ratakan air ke sela-sela jari kaki dan tumit.

   Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

   Wajib menurut empat mazhab. Mendahulukan kaki kanan hukumnya sunah.

   Dalil

   • Al-Kafi #1868: Explanation of the view that wudu has only two pillars — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1868; al-Fiqh al-Manhaji 1:53
   • Fatwas of the High Board of Religious Affairs — Presidency of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Türkiye (Diyanet) (buka di tab baru)Wudu question 36, pp. 81–82
   • Al-Kafi #1329: Deliberately leaving recommended parts of ablution — Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories, Malaysia (buka di tab baru)Al-Kafi #1329; right side first
10. 

    10

    Doa setelah wudu

    Sunah

    • Setelah selesai, baca doa setelah wudu.

    Doa setelah wudu

    Setelah selesai berwudu.

    أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ التَّوَّابِينَ وَاجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ

    Asyhadu an laa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahu laa syariika lah, wa asyhadu anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa rasuuluh. Allaahummaj'alni minat tawwaabiina waj'alni minal mutathahhiriin.

    Artinya: Aku bersaksi bahwa tiada Tuhan selain Allah semata, tiada sekutu bagi-Nya, dan aku bersaksi bahwa Muhammad adalah hamba dan utusan-Nya. Ya Allah, jadikanlah aku termasuk orang-orang yang bertaubat dan jadikanlah aku termasuk orang-orang yang menyucikan diri.

    Dalil & perbedaan pendapat

    Doa ini diajarkan Nabi Muhammad ﷺ untuk dibaca setelah berwudu.

    Dalil

    • Shahih Muslim (buka di tab baru)no. 234
    • Sunan at-Tirmidzino. 55